Dear mummies,
Have you ever wondered what happens when dengue strikes?
It all starts with something as simple as a mosquito bite. A small moment that can have a big impact.
In many parts of the world, especially tropical and subtropical regions, dengue is all too common.
You might be enjoying a peaceful evening outdoors when an infected Aedes mosquito sneaks up, turning that quiet moment into the beginning of a tough battle.
For most, the illness brings intense fever, body aches, and exhaustion that can leave you feeling wiped out for days.
But for pregnant women, the risks can be even more concerning, making awareness and prevention all the more important.
Pregnancy is already a time when your body is going through a lot of changes, and it’s more important than ever to avoid infections.
With dengue, the stakes are even higher not just for the mummy, but for the baby, too.
Let’s explore how dengue affects pregnant women, the risks involved, and, most importantly, how you can protect yourself and your little one.
What Is Dengue and How Does It Affect Pregnant Women?
Dengue is a viral infection transmitted by the bite of a female Aedes mosquito. They are usually active during the day.
The virus comes in four different types (DENV 1–4), meaning you could get dengue up to four times in your life, and each time may come with different symptoms.
While anyone can contract dengue, it’s especially worrying for pregnant women.
Why is it riskier during pregnancy?
Pregnancy naturally lowers your immune system’s defenses, making it easier for you to catch infections.
Your body is busy nurturing your growing baby, so it’s not as quick to fight off viruses like dengue.
In fact, dengue can sometimes cause more severe symptoms for expectant mothers than for others. Dengue could potentially harm the baby, too.
This makes it important to understand how the infection works and take steps to avoid it.
Dengue Symptoms During Pregnancy: What to Look Out For
Symptoms of dengue during pregnancy can be tricky because they often overlap with common pregnancy complaints like tiredness or body aches.
However, there are a few key symptoms you can keep an eye on:
- High fever: Dengue fever can cause a sudden spike in temperature, often reaching up to 40°C
- Severe headache: A splitting headache, especially in the front part of your head or behind your eyes
- Muscle and joint pain: Sometimes referred to as ‘breakbone fever’ because the pain can feel that intense
- Nausea and vomiting: Feeling sick and throwing up is common
- Rashes: You might notice a red rash spreading across your skin, which usually starts after the fever breaks
- Fatigue: Extreme tiredness or weakness that lingers even after other symptoms improve
It’s really important to catch these symptoms early on.
If you’re pregnant and notice any of these signs, especially after being bitten by a mosquito – don’t wait!
Reach out to your doctor or healthcare provider as soon as possible.
Early detection can make a big difference in how dengue is managed and how quickly you recover.
The sooner you’re diagnosed, the sooner you can get the right treatment, which can help protect both you and your baby.
Always trust your instincts and seek help if something feels off. It’s always better to be safe!
Risks of Dengue to Mother and Baby
Getting dengue during pregnancy can be quite worrisome, not just for you but also for your baby.
The virus can pose unique challenges during this delicate time, as your body is already working hard to support your growing baby.
1. Miscarriage
In the early stages of pregnancy, dengue may increase the risk of miscarriage.
This is particularly true if the infection is severe or left untreated.
2. Premature Birth
If a woman contracts dengue later in her pregnancy, there’s a higher chance of preterm labour.
Babies born prematurely might face challenges such as low birth weight and underdeveloped organs, which could require special care.
3. Low Birth Weight
Dengue has been linked to lower birth weights, which can affect the baby’s health in the long run.
A baby with low birth weight might need extra medical care after delivery.
4. Haemorrhagic Fever
In rare cases, dengue can turn into severe dengue, also known as dengue haemorrhagic fever.
This can lead to internal bleeding, dangerously low blood pressure, and organ damage, posing serious risks for both mother and baby.
Pregnant women are more vulnerable to developing severe dengue due to their lowered immune response.
5. Transmission to Baby
Although it’s rare, there’s a chance that the virus could be passed from the mother to the baby, especially during delivery. This is called perinatal transmission.
Babies born with dengue might have symptoms such as fever, low platelet count, or even more severe complications.
Given these risks, it’s vital to be cautious if you live in or travel to areas where dengue is common.
Protecting yourself and knowing when to get help are the best ways to reduce the chances of dengue affecting your pregnancy.
Protection Towards Dengue During Pregnancy
And considering there’s now a dengue vaccine available, you might be thinking, “Should I get vaccinated to protect myself and my baby?”
But the safety of the dengue vaccine during pregnancy is a concern for many expecting mothers.
According to the National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency in Malaysia, pregnant women or breastfeeding mothers should not take the dengue vaccine.
This means it’s more important than ever to focus on other preventive methods.
If you’re a breastfeeding mummy, planning a pregnancy or is currently expecting in a high-risk area, speak with your doctor for the latest advice on staying safe.
In the meantime, here are some simple yet effective ways to protect yourself from those dangerous mosquito bites:
1. Avoid Mosquito Prone Areas
If possible, avoid areas where dengue outbreaks are reported, especially during pregnancy.
High risk areas are often humid, with standing water where mosquitoes breed.
If you live in such an area, be extra cautious and take all necessary precautions.
2. Wear Protective Clothing
Covering up is one of the easiest ways to prevent mosquito bites.
Wear long sleeved tops, long pants, and socks when you’re outside.
Light coloured clothing is better because mosquitoes are attracted to dark colors.
3. Use Mosquito Repellent
Make sure you use a safe mosquito repellent.
Products that contain DEET or Picaridin are considered safe for pregnant women, but always check with your doctor to confirm what’s best for you.
Apply it to any exposed skin, especially when going outdoors.
4. Install Mosquito Nets
Using mosquito nets around your bed or windows can provide an extra layer of protection while you sleep.
You can also consider using screens on windows and doors to keep mosquitoes out.
5. Eliminate Mosquito Breeding Grounds
Standing water is a breeding ground for mosquitoes.
Regularly check your home and surroundings for areas where water might collect, like flowerpots, buckets, and drains.
Empty and clean them often to reduce the number of mosquitoes around your home.
6. Stay Indoors During Peak Mosquito Activity
Mosquitoes that carry dengue are most active during early mornings and late afternoons.
Try to stay indoors during these times, or be extra cautious if you need to go out.
Treatment Options for Dengue During Pregnancy
If you do contract dengue during pregnancy, don’t panic.
Most cases of dengue can be managed with proper care and medical support.
Here’s what treatment might look like:
1. Rest and Hydration
There’s no specific medication to treat dengue, but rest and hydration are key.
Drink plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration, especially if you have a fever or are vomiting.
2. Fever Management
Doctors might recommend medication to help reduce fever and relieve pain.
Please refer to your doctor for more information relief medications.
3. Close Monitoring
If you’re diagnosed with dengue, your doctor will likely monitor you closely, especially to keep an eye on your platelet count.
Severe dengue can cause platelet levels to drop dangerously low, which increases the risk of bleeding.
4. Hospitalisation (If Needed)
In more severe cases, you might need to be hospitalised for observation and intravenous fluids.
This is particularly important if you’re experiencing symptoms of severe dengue or have a high risk of complications.
When to Seek Medical Attention
If you suspect you have dengue while pregnant, it’s important to seek medical attention right away.
Early treatment can make a huge difference in preventing complications for both you and your baby.
Here’s when you should call your doctor:
High Fever
If you have a high fever, especially if it’s above 38.5°C, and it lasts more than two days, it’s important to get checked.
Fever is a common symptom of dengue, but during pregnancy, it’s even more critical to manage it quickly to avoid further complications.
Severe Headaches, Joint Pain, or Unusual Bleeding
Dengue can cause intense headaches and joint pain, sometimes referred to as ‘breakbone fever‘ because of how severe the pain can be.
Additionally, if you notice any unusual bleeding, such as from your gums, nose, or even excessive bruising, this could be a warning sign that the dengue infection is becoming more serious.
These symptoms should never be ignored, especially during pregnancy.
Changes in Baby’s Movements
If you notice a sudden decrease in your baby’s movements or something feels off with your pregnancy, don’t hesitate to contact your doctor.
Your baby’s activity can be a good indicator of their wellbeing, and any noticeable change could signal that something isn’t right.
It’s always better to be cautious and have your healthcare provider check things out.
Symptoms Worsen After Improvement
Sometimes, dengue symptoms seem to improve for a short while before suddenly getting worse.
This could be a sign of severe dengue, which requires immediate medical attention.
Notice your symptoms returning stronger after a brief recovery?
Get in touch with your doctor right away, as it may need urgent care.
Dengue During Pregnancy: Early Action is Key
By acting quickly and keeping an eye on these signs, you can help protect both yourself and your baby from the potential dangers of dengue.
Dengue during pregnancy can be a frightening prospect, but with the right precautions, you can protect yourself and your baby.
Remember to take steps to prevent mosquito bites, stay aware of the symptoms, and seek medical help early if you suspect dengue.
With careful management and support from your healthcare team, most pregnant women who get dengue go on to have healthy pregnancies.
By staying informed and proactive, you can navigate this challenging time and keep yourself and your baby safe. You’ve got this, mummies!
Disclaimer: The information provided in this article is for informational purposes only and should not be considered as medical advice from Motherhood. For any health-related concerns, it is advisable to consult with a qualified healthcare professional or medical practitioner.
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