Mummies, are you expecting and considering an epidural for pain relief during labour?
If so, you’re in good company!
Many mothers-to-be choose this option to manage labour pain.
But with such a big decision, it’s normal to have questions.
To ease your mind, here’s a guide to everything you need to know about epidurals. From how they work to what you can expect before, during, and after the procedure.
What Exactly Is an Epidural?
In the simplest terms, an epidural is a form of pain relief used during childbirth.
It’s a type of regional anaesthesia, meaning it numbs a specific part of your body.
In this case, the lower half, without affecting your ability to stay awake and engaged in the birthing process.
The medication is delivered via a catheter.
It is inserted into the epidural space around the spinal cord. This numbs the nerves carrying pain signals from your uterus and birth canal.
As a result, it significantly reduces the pain of contractions. While still allowing you to feel some pressure and movement.
One of the key advantages of an epidural is its effectiveness in controlling pain.
This can be especially beneficial during a long or complicated labour.
According to the NHS, epidurals are highly effective at managing labour pain.
But they come with some considerations that are important to weigh.
Be sure to familiarise yourself with the ins and outs of epidurals, mummies. You’ll be better equipped to make a choice that aligns with your preferences and comfort level.
So without further ado, let’s begin!
Epidural Analgesia Vs Epidural Anaesthesia: What’s the Difference?
You may have heard the terms ‘epidural analgesia’ and ‘epidural anaesthesia’ thrown around.
Are you wondering if there’s a difference between the two?
It turns out, there is; and knowing this difference can help you understand the options available to you.
Epidural Analgesia
This is the most common type used during labour.
The goal here is pain relief rather than complete numbness.
With epidural analgesia, you may still feel some pressure and mild sensations.
Essentially, it takes the edge off the pain from contractions. But you’ll still feel pressure and be aware of what’s happening.
This option allows you to remain relatively mobile and maintain a sense of control over your body during labour.
Epidural Anaesthesia
This is a stronger form of epidural.
It is typically used during C-sections or other surgical procedures.
It provides complete numbness from the waist down. Meaning you won’t feel contractions or any pain at all.
While this option offers total pain relief, it also means you’ll have less mobility.
You will be completely reliant on your medical team for positioning during the birth.
Understanding these differences is necessary before making a final decision.
Because it allows you to have an informed discussion with your healthcare provider about which option might be best for you.
How Does the Epidural Procedure Work?
Now that we’ve covered the basics, let’s dive into what actually happens when you get an epidural.
The procedure is relatively straightforward, but it’s helpful to know what to expect step by step.
1. Preparation
When it’s time for the epidural, you’ll be asked to either sit up or lie on your side.
Then, you have to curl your back slightly to help the anaesthetist access the correct spot in your lower back.
The skin on your back will be cleaned with an antiseptic solution.
This is done to reduce the risk of infection.
2. Local Anaesthetic
Before the epidural needle is inserted, a small amount of local anaesthetic is injected into the area to numb the skin.
This helps to minimise any discomfort you might feel during the procedure.
3. Insertion of the Epidural Needle
The anaesthetist then carefully inserts a larger needle into the epidural space. This refers to the space around your spinal cord.
Don’t worry, you won’t see this needle.
Though you should only feel some pressure, not pain.
4. Placement of the Catheter
After the needle is in place, a thin tube called a catheter (a very small tube) is threaded through the needle into the epidural space.
The needle is then removed, leaving the catheter in place.
This is how the pain relief medication will be administered.
5. Administration of Medication
Once the catheter is in place, the anaesthetist will start administering the pain-relief medication.
This can be done as a continuous drip or in controlled doses.
You should start feeling relief within 10 to 20 minutes.
The anaesthetist can adjust the dosage as needed throughout your labour. All to ensure you remain comfortable.
While the process might sound a bit daunting, remember that your healthcare team is experienced.
They will guide you through it every step of the way.
The Pros and Cons of Getting An Epidural
Just like any medical procedure, epidurals come with their own set of benefits and potential drawbacks.
Understanding them can help you weigh your options.
And finally decide whether an epidural is the right choice for your labour.
Pros
- Effective Pain Relief
Epidurals are known for their ability to significantly reduce or even eliminate the pain of labour.
For that reason, it allows you to focus on the birth experience rather than the discomfort.
- Customisable Relief
The dose of medication can be adjusted throughout your labour.
It can provide a tailored approach to your pain management needs.
- Conscious Experience
Unlike general anaesthesia, an epidural lets you stay awake and aware during the birth.
This ensures you don’t miss those first precious moments with your baby.
- Flexibility in Labour
Epidurals can be given at various stages of labour.
Offering flexibility if you initially plan to go without pain relief but later decide you need it.
- Reduced Stress and Anxiety
By relieving severe pain, an epidural can help reduce the stress and anxiety often associated with labour.
This can potentially lead to a positive delivery experience.
Cons
- Potential Side Effects
Some women experience side effects. These include low blood pressure, headaches or a slight fever.
While these are usually manageable, they can add to your discomfort.
- Risk of Prolonged Labour
In some cases, epidurals can slow down the progress of labour.
This may lead to a longer delivery time or an increased likelihood of needing interventions. Like forceps or a vacuum delivery.
- Increased Monitoring
An epidural can affect your blood pressure and the baby’s heart rate.
For this reason, your healthcare team will need to monitor you more closely. This might mean more equipment and fewer mobility options.
- Postpartum Recovery
Some women experience lingering back pain or soreness at the injection site. It can last for a few days or even weeks.
Tips for a Smooth Epidural Experience
Now that you know the basics, let’s talk about how to make your epidural experience as smooth and comfortable as possible.
Here are some tips to keep in mind before, during, and after the procedure.
Before the Epidural
Have a conversation with your healthcare provider.
Talk about your pain relief options early on in your pregnancy.
Through this, you’d be able to understand the risks, benefits, and how an epidural might fit into your birth plan. Allowing you to pick a suitable route based on your situation.
It can also ensure that your medical team is prepared to support your wishes.
Besides that, knowing what to expect can help reduce anxiety.
Read up on the procedure and watch informational videos.
Maybe even attend a childbirth class that covers pain management techniques.
During the Procedure
Staying calm and focused during the procedure can help reduce any anxiety you might be feeling.
That being so, practise deep breathing techniques.
And remember that the discomfort from the epidural is temporary. As it will soon be replaced by relief.
Other than that, one of the most important things during the epidural procedure is to stay as still as possible.
This helps ensure that the catheter is placed correctly while minimising the risk of complications.
After the Epidural
Most side effects are mild and temporary.
However, it’s important to pay attention to how you’re feeling after the epidural is administered.
If you notice anything unusual, let your healthcare provider know immediately.
Side effects can include severe headaches, numbness in your legs, or difficulty urinating.
Aside from that, after an epidural, it’s essential to drink plenty of fluids. This can help reduce the risk of headaches and other side effects.
Recovery and Care
It’s normal to have some soreness or discomfort at the epidural site.
Gentle exercises, such as walking or light stretching, can help ease discomfort.
If the pain continues, consult your healthcare provider.
Not to mention, the emotional impact of labour and delivery can be significant.
Don’t hesitate to talk about your experience. With your partner, friends or a counsellor, if needed.
Sharing your feelings can be a crucial part of the recovery process.
Creating a Birth Plan: Make It Work for You
A well-thought-out birth plan can make a world of difference in how your labour unfolds.
You can include your preferences for pain relief, such as an epidural.
This ensures that your healthcare team is aware of your wishes and prepared to support you.
But remember, labour can be unpredictable.
So, while it’s important to have a plan, flexibility is key.
Here’s how to create a birth plan that works for you.
Be Clear About Your Pain Relief Preferences
Start by clearly stating your preferences for pain relief.
If you’re leaning towards an epidural, specify when you’d like to receive it.
Some women prefer to have an epidural as soon as active labour begins. While others might want to wait until the pain becomes more intense.
Be sure to discuss this with your healthcare provider so they understand your wishes.
Prepare for the Unexpected
Even the best-laid plans can change, so it’s important to be prepared for the unexpected.
For example, if your labour progresses faster or slower than anticipated. Or if there are medical concerns, your birth plan might need to be adjusted.
Having a flexible mindset can help you adapt to any changes without feeling disappointed.
Include Your Partner’s Role
If you have a partner or support person with you, outline what role they will play during labour.
Whether it’s providing emotional support, helping you stay focused, or advocating for your needs.
Make sure they’re aware of your expectations. This ensures everyone is on the same page and working together.
Plan for Post-Birth Preferences
Your birth plan can also include your preferences for the moments after your baby is born.
This might involve delayed cord clamping, immediate skin-to-skin contact, or your wishes regarding breastfeeding.
If you’ve had an epidural, you might need assistance moving or holding your baby.
Therefore, make sure to communicate these needs to your healthcare team.
Review and Revise
A birth plan isn’t set in stone.
As your pregnancy progresses and you learn more about your options, you might find that your preferences change.
Don’t hesitate to revisit and revise your birth plan as needed.
Have regular discussions with your healthcare provider. It can help ensure that your plan aligns with your current wishes.
It’s Up to You Now, Mummy!
Opting for an epidural is a personal choice that some mothers may make to help manage the pain and stress of labour.
Remember, every labour experience is unique.
While an epidural can provide significant relief, it’s just one of many tools available to help you through childbirth.
Whether you choose an epidural, another form of pain relief, or decide to go au nature; what matters most is that you feel supported and empowered throughout the process.
Here’s to a positive, empowering birth experience, mummies! You’ve got this!
Disclaimer: The information provided in this article is for informational purposes only and should not be considered as medical advice from Motherhood. For any health-related concerns, it is advisable to consult with a qualified healthcare professional or medical practitioner.
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