Pregnancy is an incredible journey, but it’s not without its unexpected challenges.
Among the many surprises that come with carrying a baby, haemorrhoids can be an unwelcome guest.
While they’re more common than you might think, it doesn’t make them any less uncomfortable.
In this article, we’re uncovering some surprising truths about haemorrhoids during pregnancy and, most importantly, how you can get relief!
What Exactly Are Haemorrhoids?
You may have heard of haemorrhoids, but do you know what they really are?
Simply put, haemorrhoids (piles) are swollen veins in your rectum (external) or anus (internal).
Whether they’re external or internal, haemorrhoids are a common, though uncomfortable, reality during pregnancy.
They can cause discomfort, itching, and sometimes bleeding.
What many pregnant women don’t realise is that haemorrhoids are incredibly common during pregnancy.
Particularly in the third trimester, when the growing baby puts extra pressure on the pelvic area.
Additionally, hormonal changes during pregnancy can cause the walls of the veins to relax, making them more susceptible to swelling.
Surprising Truth #1: You’re Not Alone
It might feel isolating to deal with haemorrhoids, but the truth is, up to 50% of pregnant women experience them.
And in some populations, the number increases to 85%, which goes to show how common it is.
Whether it’s due to increased blood flow, hormonal changes, or the weight of your baby, haemorrhoids can happen to nearly anyone expecting.
Therefore, understanding the type and severity of haemorrhoids can help in determining the most appropriate treatment.
Why Do Haemorrhoids Occur More Frequently During Pregnancy?
As mentioned earlier, haemorrhoids are more common during pregnancy, particularly in the third trimester.
But why does this happen more often during this stage of life?
The answer lies in the unique changes that pregnancy brings about in a woman’s body.
As your baby grows, the uterus expands, putting increased pressure on the pelvic veins.
This pressure can cause the veins in the rectum to swell, leading to haemorrhoids.
Additionally, the hormone progesterone, which is produced in higher quantities during pregnancy, plays a significant role.
Progesterone relaxes the walls of the blood vessels, making them more prone to swelling.
This hormonal effect, combined with the physical pressure from the growing uterus, creates the perfect storm for haemorrhoid development.
Furthermore, as your blood volume increases during pregnancy, the extra blood can cause veins to enlarge, adding to the likelihood of haemorrhoids.
Surprising Truth #2: Constipation Is A Major Culprit
Psst…! This is important to note!
Pregnancy hormones often slow down your digestive system, leading to constipation.
Straining during bowel movements can cause or worsen haemorrhoids.
Keeping your digestive system moving smoothly is key to avoiding this discomfort.
Recognising the Symptoms of Haemorrhoids During Pregnancy
Let’s face it—pregnancy comes with a whole new set of experiences, some of which are more pleasant than others.
While everyone talks about the joys of feeling your baby kick or planning the nursery, not as many people mention the less glamorous side effects, like haemorrhoids.
But don’t worry, you’re not alone!
Haemorrhoids are a common part of the pregnancy journey, and knowing the symptoms can help you manage them more effectively.
Here’s what to watch out for, so you can prevent them from worsening and improve your comfort during pregnancy.
Swelling
Swelling around the anus is also a telltale sign of haemorrhoids.
If you feel a little bump or lump around your anus, that’s probably swelling caused by haemorrhoids.
This swelling can be uncomfortable, especially if the haemorrhoids become thrombosed (which means there’s a blood clot inside it).
Thrombosed haemorrhoids can be really painful and might need some extra attention from a healthcare provider.
If you’re dealing with a lot of swelling or sudden, sharp pain, it’s time to give your doctor a call.
Itching
If you’re feeling itchy around your bottom, you’re not alone.
Itching is one of the most common signs of haemorrhoids.
It can be super annoying, ranging from a mild tickle to a full-on itch fest.
This happens because haemorrhoids irritate the sensitive skin around your anus.
In some cases, the itching might be linked to a prolapsed haemorrhoid.
This happens when an internal haemorrhoid pushes through the anal opening, causing even more discomfort.
When an internal haemorrhoid prolapses, it can release mucus that irritates the sensitive skin around the anus, leading to itching.
The key here is to resist the urge to scratch, as it can make things worse.
Instead, keep the area clean and try using soft, unscented wipes to soothe the itch.
Bleeding
Noticing a bit of blood when you use the bathroom can be scary, but don’t panic just yet.
A small amount of bright red blood on your toilet paper or in the toilet bowl is usually a sign of internal haemorrhoids.
This is what’s called rectal bleeding; it can bleed when irritated by straining during bowel movements.
While it may seem alarming, if the cause is from haemorrhoids it doesn’t necessarily require treatment, though it’s still something to keep an eye on.
Notably, more serious conditions of rectal bleeding come from ulcers, anal fissures and inflammatory bowel disease.
So, if you notice the bleeding is heavy or keeps happening, it’s best to talk to your doctor.
They can help rule out the other potential causes of more serious conditions.
How to Prevent Haemorrhoids During Pregnancy
Preventing haemorrhoids is often easier than treating them, especially during pregnancy.
One of the most effective ways to prevent haemorrhoids is to maintain good bowel habits.
Ensuring that you are not constipated is key, as constipation is a major contributor to haemorrhoids.
To do so, here are a couple tips you can follow to effectively prevent haemorrhoids during pregnancy:
1. Stay Hydrated
One of the simplest yet most effective ways to prevent haemorrhoids is by staying hydrated.
Drinking plenty of water, at least 8-10 glasses a day, keeps your body hydrated and your digestive system functioning smoothly.
When you’re well-hydrated, your body can soften your stools, making them easier to pass without straining.
Straining during bowel movements is a major contributor to haemorrhoids, so keeping your stools soft is key to prevention.
Hydration is also essential for your overall health during pregnancy, supporting everything from amniotic fluid levels to nutrient delivery to your baby.
2. Eat a Fibre-Rich Diet
Fibre helps add bulk to your stool, making it easier to pass without straining.
A study shows that fibre has beneficial effects in the treatment of haemorrhoids.
The recommended amount of fibre daily is about 25–30 grams.
Fibre can easily be incorporated into your diet. A few foods that are high in fibre include:
- Legumes: Beans, lentils, lima beans, and dried peas.
- Whole grains: Whole-wheat products, bran, steel-cut or rolled oats, barley, quinoa, brown rice, rye, and corn.
- Fruit: Apples, berries, oranges, pears, plums, and bananas.
- Vegetables: Brussels sprouts, broccoli, cabbage, green beans, squash, potatoes, sweet potatoes, and spinach.
If you find it difficult to get enough fibre from food alone, a fibre supplement may be beneficial.
However, it’s always a good idea to discuss any supplements with your healthcare provider first.
3. Exercise Regularly
Regular physical activity is another important preventive measure.
Exercise helps keep your digestive system moving, which can prevent constipation.
Activities like walking, swimming, or prenatal yoga are excellent choices during pregnancy.
Not only do they help with haemorrhoid prevention, but they also contribute to your overall wellbeing and can ease other common pregnancy discomforts.
Surprising Truth #3: Sitting for Long Periods Can Make Things Worse
Avoiding prolonged sitting or standing is also important.
If your job requires you to sit for long periods, make a point to get up and move around every hour.
This helps reduce pressure on your pelvic veins and improves circulation.
When you do need to sit, consider using a cushion to relieve pressure on the rectal area.
4. Don’t Delay When Nature Calls
Another simple yet effective tip is to respond promptly when you feel the urge to have a bowel movement.
Holding it in can lead to constipation, which, as mentioned earlier, can contribute to haemorrhoids.
It’s also beneficial to practise good posture, especially when sitting on the toilet.
When you do go to the bathroom, try to maintain good posture.
Sitting on the toilet with your feet slightly elevated and using a small stool can help you achieve a more natural position for bowel movements.
This position can reduce the need to strain, which in turn helps prevent haemorrhoids from forming.
Elevating your feet slightly by placing them on a stool can help create a more natural position for bowel movements, reducing the need to strain.
Effective Ways to Manage Haemorrhoids During Pregnancy
Even with the best prevention strategies, haemorrhoids can still develop.
But the good news is, there are plenty of ways to manage them and find some relief.
Whether you’re dealing with itching, discomfort, or just want to keep things from getting worse, we’ve got you covered.
Here are some tried-and-true methods to help you stay comfortable and keep those pesky haemorrhoids under control.
Over-the-Counter Treatments
Over-the-counter treatments, such as creams, ointments, and suppositories, can provide relief from itching and pain.
These products typically contain ingredients like witch hazel or hydrocortisone, which help reduce inflammation and soothe irritated skin.
However, it’s important to consult your healthcare provider before using any medication during pregnancy to ensure it’s safe for you and your baby.
Warm Sitz Baths
Warm sitz baths are another tried-and-true method for relieving haemorrhoid symptoms.
A sitz bath involves soaking your bottom in warm water for 10-15 minutes, several times a day.
The warmth helps soothe the area, improves blood flow, and can reduce swelling.
You can use a special sitz bath basin that fits over your toilet seat or simply soak in a warm bathtub.
Adding epsom salts to the water can enhance the soothing effects.
Keep the Area Clean
Keeping the affected area clean is essential for preventing further irritation and promoting healing.
After each bowel movement, gently clean the area with unscented wipes or a moist cloth.
Avoid using dry toilet paper, as it can be abrasive and make the irritation worse.
Pat the area dry rather than rubbing it, and consider using a blow dryer on a cool setting to ensure the area is completely dry.
Position Yourself Comfortably
Elevating your legs when sitting can help reduce pressure on the rectal veins and provide some relief from discomfort.
You can prop your feet up on a stool or cushion, which can help ease some of the pressure and improve circulation.
Additionally, if you need to sit for extended periods, using a doughnut-shaped pillow can relieve pressure on the haemorrhoids and make sitting more comfortable.
Other than that, when resting, it’s better to lie down on your side. This is because lying down on your side might put extra pressure on your anus.
Understanding the Emotional Impact of Haemorrhoids
While haemorrhoids are physically uncomfortable, they can also take an emotional toll.
Many women feel embarrassed or frustrated by this common pregnancy issue.
It’s important to remember that haemorrhoids are a normal part of pregnancy for many women, and there’s no need to feel ashamed.
Talking to your healthcare provider about your symptoms can help you feel more supported and ensure that you receive the appropriate treatment.
Pregnancy is an emotional rollercoaster, and adding haemorrhoids to the mix can be overwhelming.
Therefore, it’s important to practise self-compassion and understand that your body is going through significant changes.
Taking care of yourself, both physically and emotionally, is crucial.
This might mean giving yourself permission to rest when you need to or seeking out support from loved ones or a healthcare provider.
When to Seek Medical Advice for Haemorrhoids
While most haemorrhoids can be managed with home treatments, there are times when it’s important to seek medical advice.
Here’s a recap:
If you experience heavy bleeding from the rectum, or if the pain becomes severe and unmanageable, it’s time to consult your healthcare provider.
Persistent haemorrhoids that do not improve with home treatment after a week are also in-need of medical evaluation.
Additionally, if you notice a hard lump around the anus, this could be a thrombosed haemorrhoid, which may require more advanced medical treatment.
Your healthcare provider may recommend additional treatments, such as prescription medications or procedures like rubber band ligation or sclerotherapy, where the haemorrhoids are injected with a solution to shrink it.
In rare cases, surgical removal of the haemorrhoid may be necessary, especially if the haemorrhoid is causing significant pain or complications.
Will Haemorrhoids Go Away After Pregnancy?
The good news is that haemorrhoids often improve after the baby is born!
As your body returns to its pre-pregnancy state, the pressure on your veins decreases, and the haemorrhoids may shrink or disappear altogether.
However, it’s important to continue practising good habits, like staying hydrated and eating a fibre-rich diet, to prevent them from recurring.
If you’re still experiencing haemorrhoids after giving birth, speak with your healthcare provider. They can offer additional treatments or advice to help manage the condition.
Final Thoughts
Pregnancy is a time of incredible change, and while haemorrhoids are an unwelcome side effect, they’re also a common one.
By understanding what causes them and how to manage them, you can take steps to minimise their impact on your pregnancy journey.
Remember, you’re not alone, and there are plenty of ways to find relief.
Stay informed, take care of yourself, and don’t hesitate to reach out to your healthcare provider if you need help.
Your comfort and wellbeing are important—for you and your baby.
You’ve got this, mummies!
Disclaimer: The information provided in this article is for informational purposes only and should not be considered as medical advice from Motherhood. For any health-related concerns, it is advisable to consult with a qualified healthcare professional or medical practitioner.
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